Study: ‘Chewing Gum Can Shed Microplastics Into Saliva’

Findings of the recent ‘Chewing Gum Can Shed Microplastics Into Saliva’ pilot study has revealed that chewing gum releases microplastics into saliva, with hundreds to thousands of particles expelled during the first few minutes of chewing.

This is due to gum’s base ingredient – synthetic rubber, a kind of plastic. Even natural gums, made from plant materials like chicle, were found to release similar quantities of microplastics, including types such as polyolefins and polystyrene, estimated at about 30,000 particles annually for regular users.

The study was conducted by University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) engineering professor Sanjay Mohanty and graduate student Lisa Lowe.

The study suggests extending chewing time to reduce microplastic intake or avoiding gum altogether. Mohanty urges consumers to throw gum into the trash to prevent littering with plastic.

The research adds to growing concerns about widespread microplastic exposure and its potential health risks, including inflammation and cancer, though causality remains unclear.

The findings, not yet peer-reviewed, were presented at the American Chemical Society’s spring meeting in March.

KEY STUDY FINDINGS

• Microplastic release: Chewing a single piece of gum can release hundreds to thousands of microplastic particles into saliva within the first few minutes – estimated at about 30,000 particles annually for regular users.

• Types of microplastics: Both synthetic and natural gums release similar quantities of microplastics, including polyolefins and polystyrene.

• Health implications: While the exact health effects are still under investigation, microplastics have been linked to inflammation and cancer.

• Environmental impact: Improper disposal of gum contributes to environmental pollution, as gum contains plastic components that do not biodegrade easily.

TIPS TO REDUCE MICROPLASTIC EXPOSURE FROM CHEWING GUM

• Limit gum chewing: Reduce the frequency of gum chewing to minimise microplastic ingestion.

• Choose alternatives: Opt for natural breath fresheners or sugar-free mints that do not contain synthetic polymers.

• Proper disposal: Always dispose of used gum in the trash to prevent environmental contamination.

RELEVANCE TO JAMAICA

• In Jamaica, microplastic pollution is a growing concern. A study conducted by The University of the West Indies found measurable quantities of microplastics in the surface waters of Kingston Harbour, with fragments being the most common type.

• The Jamaican government has been proactive in addressing plastic pollution. Regulations are being developed to remove microplastics from personal care products. Additionally, the Vision 2030 Jamaica campaign aims to raise awareness and promote practices to reduce plastic pollution.

RECOMMENDATIONS

• Support local initiatives: Participate in community clean-up events and support policies aimed at reducing plastic pollution.

• Educate others: Spread awareness about the environmental and health impacts of microplastics.

• Adopt sustainable practices: Use reusable bags, containers, and utensils to minimise plastic waste.

Addressing microplastic pollution requires collective effort. By making informed choices and supporting environmental initiatives, Jamaicans can contribute to a healthier environment and reduce the risks associated with microplastic exposure.

editorial@gleanerjm.com