Shot of prevention: boosting immunisation awareness

November 10 is World Immunization Day, a time dedicated to celebrating the life-saving power of vaccines and emphasising their role in preventing diseases and safeguarding public health worldwide.

Vaccinations have proven to be one of the most effective public health tools, drastically reducing the spread and impact of diseases such as measles, polio, and tetanus.

Here in Jamaica, we recognise the profound value of vaccination and take pride in our successes while addressing ongoing challenges like vaccine hesitancy and debunking myths that persist in some communities.

Jamaica’s vaccination programme has a strong record of success, thanks to government initiatives and international partnerships. Organisations like the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) and UNICEF have supported Jamaica’s extensive vaccination campaigns, contributing to our eradication of polio and our ability to reduce measles and tetanus cases drastically.

Since 1982 when Jamaica was declared polio-free, we have upheld this status through rigorous monitoring and vaccination campaigns. The Ministry of Health and Wellness (MOHW) has also championed the introduction of newer vaccines, including the HPV vaccine, which is crucial in preventing certain cancers and further enhancing public health in the country. Government efforts to expand access to immunisations have yielded substantial benefits, reducing childhood mortality and improving the overall quality of life across Jamaica (Ministry of Health and Wellness, 2024).

VACCINE HESITANCY CHALLENGE

Despite these achievements, vaccine hesitancy remains a challenge. This hesitation became more visible during the COVID-19 pandemic, as some Jamaicans grew wary of vaccine safety amid the rapid development of COVID-19 vaccines and misinformation spread widely on social media.

According to the MOHW, a significant portion of the population expressed uncertainty or reluctance toward COVID-19 vaccines because of safety concerns and mistrust in their sources.

Misinformation has fuelled fears around vaccines, with some falsely claiming they contain harmful ingredients, can “overload” the immune system, or cause the diseases they are meant to prevent. Tackling these fears and misinformation is essential to sustaining Jamaica’s vaccination efforts.

Addressing these myths requires widespread education. For example, contrary to claims that vaccines cause diseases, vaccines actually contain weakened or inactivated forms of viruses that prompt the immune system to respond without causing the disease itself, the WHO noted.

Similarly, the idea that vaccines could “overload” the immune system is unfounded, as the immune system naturally encounters thousands of antigens daily, far more than those introduced by vaccines.

Moreover, while natural immunity does occur after infection, the risks associated with catching diseases like measles or polio are far greater than the risks of side effects from vaccines, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) explained.

All vaccine ingredients are carefully regulated for safety, and the tiny amounts of preservatives and stabilisers present are proven safe by health authorities like the WHO.

COLLECTIVE RESPONSIBILITY

In response to hesitancy, Jamaica’s public health officials have launched several education and outreach campaigns. These efforts focus on transparency, community engagement, and addressing vaccine concerns with factual information.

Health fairs offering free or low-cost vaccinations have helped reach those who missed routine immunisations, ensuring that everyone has access to the protection they need.

On World Immunization Day, let’s remember that vaccination is a collective responsibility. The choice to vaccinate protects not just the individual but also the community, particularly those who cannot receive vaccines themselves, such as newborns and immunocompromised individuals.

By fostering accurate information, encouraging vaccinations, and dispelling myths, Jamaica can continue to protect its people and remain a leader in public health. With a renewed commitment to immunisation efforts, we can keep our communities safe and pave the way for a healthier, more resilient future.

Leroy Fearon is the acting dean, Faculty of Education,The Mico University College, and author and researcher. Email feedback to: leroyfearon85@gmail.com and editorial@gleanerjm.com